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The Sira curassow (''Pauxi koepckeae'') is a species of bird in the Cracidae family. It is found in the Cerros del Sira in southeastern Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. ==Taxonomy and systematics== In 1969 another two birds, a male and female were discovered which resembled horned curassow. However they were found in Peru a long way from the previous ''P. unicornis'' discoveries in Bolivia. These Peruvian specimens were described by John Weske and John Terborgh in 1971 as a new subspecies of ''P. unicornis'' which they named in honour of Maria Koepcke.〔 Many different suggestions have been regarding species status since their discovery. Some suggestions relate to the grouping of species and subspecies within the genus ''Pauxi''. In 1943 Wetmore and Phelps described a new subspecies of the closely related ''P. pauxi'' called ''P. p. gilliardi''. When Wetmore and Phelps looked at the three ''Pauxi'' forms known at the time, they concluded that ''P. p. gilliardi'' was an intermediate form between ''P. pauxi'' and ''P. unicornis''. As a result of this they grouped all three forms into a single species with ''unicornis'' becoming a subspecies of ''pauxi''.〔〔 This position was subsequently rejected by Charles Vaurie who argued that ''P. pauxi'' and ''P. unicornis'' were not conspecific. When Weske and Terborgh discovered the subspecies ''koepckeae'' they concluded ''pauxi'' and ''unicornis'' should be considered separate species, which has been followed by all subsequent authors.〔〔 Other taxonomic suggestions discuss whether the genus ''Pauxi'' should stand alone or be grouped with other genera. In 1965 François Vuilleumier suggested the two ''Pauxi'' species should be moved into a single genus alongside all the other species in the closely related genera ''Mitu'', ''Crax'' and ''Nothocrax''. Just two years later Charles Vaurie opposed this 'lumping' of species and argued that ''Pauxi'', ''Mitu'', ''Crax'' and ''Nothocrax'' should each be their own genera.〔 Not content with either of these two options Delacour and Amadon suggested that ''Pauxi'' and ''Mitu'' should indeed be grouped with ''Crax'', but that ''Nothocrax'' was distinct enough to be its on genus. Many subsequent authors followed Vaurie, Delacour and Amadon in having ''Nothocrax'' as a sister clade to ''Pauxi'', ''Mitu'' and ''Crax'', while most have followed Vaurie in having the three other clades as three distinct genera.〔〔〔 Recent mitochondrial analysis suggests that ''P. unicornis'' is a sister species to ''Mitu tuberosum'', while the other ''Pauxi'' species, ''P. pauxi'', is sister to the combined ''Mitu'' and ''P. unicornis'' clade. This means the genus ''Pauxi'' is not monophyletic but paraphyletic.〔 The paraphyly of ''Pauxi'' could be due to incomplete lineage sorting, where a gene tree is inconsistent with its species tree, however it is less important for deep phyolenetic splits. Because of this, Pereira ''et al'' conclude incomplete lineage sorting is unlikely to account for the paraphylic ''Pauxi'' genera because, according to their own analysis, ''Mitu'' and ''Pauxi'' diverged approximately 6.5 mya.〔 ''P. koepckeae'' is only known from a very small geographic area and a small number of specimens. Recent work suggests that ''P. koepckeae'' be considered distinct based on vocal, behavioral, ecological, and morphological differences.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sira curassow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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